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Learn about the Egyptian Dynasties with our fast fact sheets. |
History of the 21st Dynasty - the High Priests of Amun and the Theban Kings Twenty-first Dynasty Dates: 1070–712 B.C.E. Ancient Egyptian History - 21st Dynasty Fact Sheet Fact 1 on 21st Dynasty: Pharaoh Ramses XI was the last king of the New Kingdom. The Egyptian state had disintegrated giving rise to civil conflict. The pharaoh was forced to share his power with Herihor, the High Priest of Amun, who ruled Thebes and Upper Egypt. Smendes, the governor of Tanis, controlled Lower Egypt and upon the death of Ramses XI he took the throne of Egypt. Fact 2 on 21st Dynasty: Pharaoh Smendes I ruled from the city of Tanis, controlling the lands of Lower Egypt. Fact 3 on 21st Dynasty: The High Priests of Amun who were based at Thebes effectively ruled Upper Egypt. According to New Kingdom records the priests of the Amun Temples had over 80,000 people working for them and owned massive amounts of temple land, cattle and hundreds of ships. Fact 4 on 21st Dynasty: The high priests of Amun and the family of the pharaohs intermarried and, coming from the same family, reduced potential friction between Upper and Lower Egypt. Fact 5 on 21st Dynasty: King Psusennes I, a monarch based in Thebes in Upper Egypt, also ruled in Tanis and the country was temporarily unified bringing a time of peaceful prosperity. Fact 6 on 21st Dynasty: The people of Thebes could not be controlled for long and conflict between the two lands arose. The high priests of Amun had to adopt military roles to quell the rebellion and its leaders were banished to the area of the Western Desert. Fact 7 on 21st Dynasty: In this period of internal conflict the Egyptians were facing danger from the Meswesh Libyans. The Meshwesh were an ancient Libyan Berber tribes from Tunisia and said to be partly descended from Trojan refugees. Fact 8 on 21st Dynasty: The Libyans began to settle in the Nile Delta region of Lower Egypt settling in the city of Bubastis as their power base. The Libyans were able to adapt to and prosper within native Egyptian culture. Fact 9 on 21st Dynasty: The Tanis and Theban regional dynasties intermarried with the Libyans and were eventually replaced by the family of Osorkon the Elder, who was of Meshwesh Libyan origin. The Libyans, based at Bubastis, established the 22nd line of Egyptian rulers. Ancient Egyptian History - 21st Dynasty Fact Sheet Definition of the 21st Dynasty Twenty-first Dynasty Dates: 1070–712 B.C.E. Ancient Egyptian Dynasties Ancient Egytian Dynasties Early Dynastic Period: 1st - 2nd Dynasties The Old Kingdome 3rd - 6th Dynasties 1st Intermediate Period 7th - 10th Dynasties The Middle Kingdom 11th - 12th Dynasties 2nd Intermediate Period 13th - 20th Dynasties The New Kingdom 18th - 20th Dynasties Post Empire 21st - 31st Dynasties History of the 21st Dynasty Pharaohs 21st Dynasty Chronology - Succession and History of the Kings Chronology of the Kings Name - Dates of Reign King Smendes - 1070–1044 BC King Amenemnisu - 1044–1040 BCKing Psusennes I - 1040–992 BC King Amenemope - 993–984 BCKing Osorkon the Elder - 984–978 BC King Siamun - 978–959 BCKing Psusennes II - 959–945BC Chronology of the Kings21st Dynasty History Ancient Egyptian History Egytian Time Periods Prehistoric Egytpt 5000 - 3100BCE Early Dynastic Period: 3100 - 2686 BCE The Old Kingdom 2686 - 2181 BCE 1st Intermediate Period 2181 - 2134 BCE The Middle Kingdom 2134 - 1782 BCE 2nd Interm ediate Period 1782 - 1550 BCE The New Kingdom 1550 - 1069 BCE 3rd Interm ediate Period 1069 - 664 BCE The Late Period 664 - 332 BCE Ptolemaic Egypt 332 - 30 BCE Roman & Byzantine Egypt 30 BCE - 641 CE 21st Dynasty Ancient Egyptian History |
