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Ancient Egyptians - Egyptian History |
Ancient Egyptian History Ancient Egyptian Time Periods Prehistoric Egypt 5000 - 3100 BCE The Early Dynastic Period: 3100 - 2686 BCE The Old Kingdom 2686 - 2181 BCE 1st Intermediate Period 2181- 2134 BCE The Middle Kingdom 2134 - 1782 BCE 2nd Intermediate Period 1782 -1550 BCE The New Kingdom1550 -1069 BCE 3rd Intermediate Period 1069 - 664 BCE The Late Period664 - 332 BCE Ptolemaic Egypt 332 - 30 BCE Roman & Byzantine Egypt 30 BCE - 641 CE The Intermediate periods brought only minor changes to the civilization, and the decline of the ancient Egyptian Empire occured when the Greeks and Romans conquered Egypt. Egyptologists and historians usually divide the history of ancient Egypt into 31 dynasties up to the arrival of Alexander the Great. The Kings of Egypt were not called 'Pharaoh' until the New Kingdom, however 'Pharaoh' is the term we commonly use today to describe all of the rulers and kings of ancient Egypt. The Queens of Egypt were also given the title of pharaoh. Facts about Ancient Egyptian History - Fact Sheets Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet Early Dynastic Period: 3100 - 2686 BCE Fact 1 on Egyptian History: African culture in Southern Egypt (called Upper Egypt) gradually gave way to the culture of Northern Egypt (called Lower Egypt) Fact 2 on Egyptian History: The history of ancient Egyptian civilization was based on the worship of many gods Fact 3 on Egyptian History: Representations of most of their gods were depicted with the heads of humans but some were depicted as 'human hybrids' with the bodies of humans but with the heads of animals or supernatural creatures. Fact 4 on Egyptian History: A series of conflicts resulted in the start of political unity Fact 5 on Egyptian History: Central government and the emergence of a cultural identity Fact 6 on Egyptian History: Period before the real power of the pharaohs Fact 7 on Egyptian History: The 1st Egyptian Dynasty was founded by King Narmer(also refer to Menes) The Old Kingdom 2686–2181 BCE Fact 8 on Egyptian History: Politically stable and prosperous Fact 9 on Egyptian History: Autonomous rule of the kings or pharaohs established Fact 10 on Egyptian History: Pharaohs adopted the divine status and role of mediator with the gods Fact 11 on Egyptian History: Building of elaborate burial sites Fact 12 on Egyptian History: Step Pyramid at Saqqara built by King Djoser Fact 13 on Egyptian History: Use of weapons and tools made of copper and bronze Fact 14 on Egyptian History: Exploitation of Nubia Fact 15 on Egyptian History: Increased power of the Vizier (Prime Minister) towards the end of the period Fact 16 on Egyptian History: Emergence of the worship of the sun god Ra and the building of obelisks Fact 17 on Egyptian History: Pyramid chambers were inscribed with spells for the afterlife - the Pyramid Texts were for the exclusive use of the Pharaohs. Fact 18 on Egyptian History: Hieroglyphic writing: Pyramid Texts created exclusively for the pharaoh Fact 19 on Egyptian History: Building technology increased and three massive, smooth surfaced pyramids were built as the tombs of pharaohs at Giza. Fact 20 on Egyptian History: The Old Kingdom was called the "Age of the Pyramids." 1st Intermediate Period 2181- 2134 BCE Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet Ancient Egyptian History - The Dynasties of Ancient Egypt Ancient Egyptian Dynasties Ancient Egytian Dynasties Early Dynastic Period: 1st - 2nd Dynasties The Old Kingdome 3rd - 6th Dynasties 1st Intermediate Period 7th - 10th Dynasties The Middle Kingdom 11th - 12th Dynasties 2nd Intermediate Period 13th - 20th Dynasties The New Kingdom 18th - 20th Dynasties Post Empire 21st - 31st Dynasties Facts about Ancient Egyptian History Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet The Middle Kingdom 2134–1782 BCE Fact 21 on Egyptian History: Internal and External power struggles. The Middle Kingdom Empire was overthrown by the invasion of the Hyksos, or shepherd princes from Asia, who ruled over Egypt, for several centuries. The Hyksos introduced the horse and the chariot to ancient Egypt. Fact 22 on Egyptian History: Military campaigns in Nubia. Fact 23 on Egyptian History: Fortresses were built and standing armies established. Fact 24 on Egyptian History: Feudal organization established, overseen by Nomarchs. Nomarchs were appointed to rule the 42 administrative and religious districts of ancient Egypt, called Nomes. Fact 25 on Egyptian History: Religion of ancient Egypt focused on funerary and mortuary religious beliefs. Fact 26 on Egyptian History: The Coffin Texts were created for ordinary Egyptians. 2nd Intermediate Period 1782 -1550 BCE The New Kingdom 1550–1069 BCE Fact 27 on Egyptian History: Ancient Egypt reached the height of its power Fact 28 on Egyptian History: Military expeditions: Eastern coast of the Mediterranean under Egyptian rule. The ancient Egyptians fought the Hittites for control of the highly lucrative trade routes to Mesopotamia. Fact 29 on Egyptian History: The Pharaoh Akhenaten (the father of Tutankhamen) established a new religious order at Armana worshipping the sun god Aten and banned the worship of other gods. Fact 30 on Egyptian History: The revolutionary changes of the Armana period of Akhenaten lasted for only for 16 years and the Egyptians revert back to the 'old' religion. Fact 31 on Egyptian History: Egypt conquers the African land of Nubia. Viceroys were appointed to control and collect tributes from the Nubians. Fact 32 on Egyptian History: Nubians retaliate & conquer Egypt but their stay in power lasted for less than one hundred years. Fact 33 on Egyptian History: Ancient Egyptians experienced the influences & cultures of foreign civilizations including their successful use of the chariot in ancient Egyptian warfare. Fact 34 on Egyptian History: The Pyramid Texts and the Coffin Texts evolve into the collective texts known as the Book of the Dead. Fact 35 on Egyptian History: There was a surge in funerary and mortuary religious beliefs of ancient Egyptians. Fact 36 on Egyptian History: Egyptian Priests acquire unprecedented power, and more religious cult centers emerged during this period. Fact 37 on Egyptian History: Period of great wealth, luxury and power, a new age of experiment and invention. Fact 38 on Egyptian History: A period of new ideas but ultimately led back to the culture of 'old' Egypt Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet Facts about Ancient Egyptian History Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet The Late Period 664–332 BCE Fact 39 on Egypt Civilization: A period of decline and chaos Fact 40 on Egypt Civilization: Peaceful start until the Assyrians invade Egypt Fact 41 on Egypt Civilization: The Persians oust the Assyrians and conquer Egypt in 525BC Fact 42 on Egypt Civilization: Temples desecrated and demolished Fact 43 on Egypt Civilization: Military defeat of Persia by the Greeks at Marathon in 490 B.C . The Ptolemaic Egypt 332–30 BCE Fact 44 on Egypt Civilization: The Persians ousted when Egypt is conquered by Alexander the Great Fact 45 on Egypt Civilization: The Ptolemaic dynasty established by Alexander under his general who is created King Ptolemy I. Fact 46 on Egypt Civilization: The city of Alexandria was founded and its Great Library established Fact 47 on Egypt Civilization: The great Lighthouse of Alexandria was built Fact 48 on Egypt Civilization: Egypt was dominated and influenced by foreigners Fact 49 on Egypt Civilization: The Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra becomes the mistress of Julius Caesar Fact 50 on Egypt Civilization: Queen Cleopatra then marries Mark Anthony Fact 51 on Egypt Civilization: Octavian defeats Anthony and Cleopatra at Battle of Actium Fact 52 on Egypt Civilization: Egypt becomes a province of the Roman Empire Fact 53 on Egypt Civilization: In a short time period of just 100 years the culture and civilisation of ancient Egypt is lost and their hieroglyphic form writing was no longer used or remembered... Ancient Egypt - Egyptian History Fact Sheet Egyptian History and Civilization Egyptian History & Civilization |
