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History Overview of the
19th Dynasty of the New Kingdom - Pharaohs of
the Bible
The Kings and Pharaohs of the 19th Dynasty of
the New Kingdom included the famous names that
had have survived for thousands of years. The
most famous pharaoh of the 19th dynasty was
Pharaoh Ramses II, better known as Ramses the
Great. The Hittites were enemies of Egypt during this period
in which both nations fought for control of the lucrative
trade routes and rich metal resources that were accessed via
Northern Syria to the trade routes to Mesopotamia. Pharaoh
Ramses the Great fought the Hittites in the Battle of Kadesh.
History Overview of the 19th Dynasty - Who was
Moses?
The
New Kingdom era in ancient Egyptian History is
of particular interest to many people due to its
connection with the story of Moses and the
Exodus which is detailed in the Bible and the
Torah. Moses was believed to be an Egyptian
prince, brought up and educated in the royal
household. Moses would have been very aware of
the recent Egyptian history concerning Akhenaten
(r.1351–1334 BC), the 'heretic
pharaoh' of the 18th
Dynasty, who instigated a religious
revolution focused on the worship of just one
god and tried to ban the worship of all other
gods.
Akhenaten was the second son of pharaoh
Amenhotep III, the younger brother of Prince
Thutmose the eldest son of pharaoh Amenhotep
III. Prince Thutmose mysteriously disappeared
from all ancient Egyptian records which has led
to much speculation that this was the man who
would be called Moses.
History Overview of the 19th Dynasty - Moses,
the Pharaohs and the Exodus
The
story of Moses relates to his struggle, as a
religious leader and prophet of the Israelites,
with the pharaohs of Egypt to release his people
from bondage. To this end Moses was said to have
been instrumental in the series of disasters
that beset Egypt during this period. There are
no ancient Egyptian historical records of the
exodus or any of the ten plagues but the
pharaohs Seti I and Ramses II (Ramses the Great)
are believed to have been most likely pharaohs
who opposed Moses as detailed in the book of
Exodus in the Bible. Moses and the Israelites
were released from Egypt and were led by Moses
across the desert toward the Promised Land.
During the journey he was inspired by God on
Mount Sinai to write down the Ten Commandments
on tablets of stone (Exodus 20). The Ten
Commandments are similar in content to the
'Declaration of Innocence', Spell 125 in the
Book of the Dead, which consists of a series of
denials such as "I have not killed, I have not
robbed and I have not lied".
Definition of the
19th Dynasty
Definition: The 19th Dynasty of ancient Egypt
consisted of a succession of kings from the same
family who succeeded each other on the royal
throne of Egypt by right of inheritance. The
Kings of Egypt
and pharaohs of the 19th Dynasty ruled for
approximately 110 years from c1292 to 1187 BCE during the time period
known in ancient Egyptian history as the
New Kingdom. For
additional interesting facts and information
refer to the
Queens and Consorts of ancient Egypt.
List of
19th Dynasty Pharaohs
Overview with interesting facts and information
about the 19th Dynasty Pharaohs and Kings of the
New Kingdom period in ancient Egyptian history.
The pharaohs of the 19th Dynasty of Egypt were
Ramses I, Seti I, Ramses II, Merenptah,
Amenmesse, Seti II, Siptah and Queen Twosret.
Siptah was a boy-king and Queen Twosret was
Queen Regent.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs -
Pharaoh Ramses I
Pharaoh Ramses I
(r.1292 BC – 1290 BC)
founded the 19th dynasty of ancient Egyptian
kings which would bring the power of Egypt to
new, great heights.
Ramses was not a member of the royal
family but rose to power as a great military
leader (as did Horemhep the pharaoh before him,
who chose him as his successor). Ramses also
served as the High Priest of Amun, a highly
important position which gave him the backing of
the powerful and influential priests of Amun. He
oversaw military campaign in Syria but only
enjoyed a short reign of two years - but he
brought stabilization to Egypt and his dynasty
was established, his successor was his son Seti
I.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs -
Pharaoh Seti I
Pharaoh Seti I
(r.1290 BC – 1279 BC) was
a prolific builder and a military
strategist. He established order in the country
and received the support of Egypt due to his
military campaigns against the Hittites. The Hittites were enemies of Egypt
and both nations fought for control of the rich
trade routes and the resources that were accessed via
Northern Syria to the trade routes to Mesopotamia. Pharaoh
Ramses the Great fought the Hittites in the Battle of Kadesh.
Depictions of the military successes of Seti I
were recorded in scenes placed on the front of
the temple of Amun in Karnak.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs - Ramses the Great
Pharaoh Ramses II aka Ramses the
Great
(r.1279 BC – 1213 BC)
continued to increase the wealth of
Egypt.
Ramses II is regarded as one of
the greatest and most
powerful pharaohs of the Egyptian Empire. The
successes of his reign led to his title of
Ramses the Great. He was another prolific
builder and initiated the building of great
cities, temples and monuments. These magnificent
buildings included the Ramesseum in Thebes and
the massive rock temples of Abu Simbel (see the
above picture. His military prowess resulted in
the suppression of threats from the
Nubians, the
Libyans and Hittites and to securing the borders
of Egypt.
19th Dynasty
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Interesting, fun facts about 19th Dynasty for research,
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List of
19th Dynasty Pharaohs
Overview with interesting facts and information
about the 19th Dynasty Pharaohs and Kings of the
New Kingdom period in ancient Egyptian history.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs - Pharaoh Merenptah
Pharaoh Merenptah aka Merneptah
(r.1213 BC – 1203 BC) was
in his sixties when he assumed the
throne and continued the fight against the
Libyans
and Hittites solidating the 19th dynasty.
The Hittite 'sea peoples' were described in the speech of Merneptah inscribed in
a stele at Karnak, before the Battle of Perire.
"...They come to the land of Egypt to seek the necessities of their mouths
... Their chief is like a dog, a man of boasting without courage..."
19th Dynasty Pharaohs - Amenmesse
Pharaoh Amenmesse
(r.1203 BC – 1199 BC) was
not the intended heir of Merneptah
and usurped the throne of Egypt from Seti II.
Amenmesse
seized control
over Thebes and Nubia in Upper Egypt. The reigns
of Seti II and
Amenmesse ran parallel to each other
and caused political strife and conflict in
Egypt.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs - Pharaoh Seti II
The reign of Pharaoh Seti II
(r.1199 BC – 1193 BC) was
blighted by the internal conflict
with the rival king
Amenmesse, leading to the decline in
the power of the 19th Dynasty. The destabling
effect was intensified as his successor was a
boy king
19th Dynasty Pharaohs -
Pharaoh Siptah
Pharaoh Siptah
(r.1193 BC – 1187 BC)
was a boy-king and believed to be the son of Seti
II and one of his lesser wives, his parentage is
therefore uncertain. Siptah was only ten years old when he became
pharaoh and the problems of his young age were
exacerbated by ill health, he was believed to
have suffered from polio. He died when he was 16
years old and as he was an only child his
mother, Twoset became pharaoh.
19th Dynasty Pharaohs - Queen Twosret
Queen Twosret
(r.1187 BC - 1186BC) was
believed to be the step-mother of Siptah. Her reign
included the time of the regency of her stepson. She
ruled during the period of the famous Battle of
Troy. It is believed that she ruled Egypt with
the aid of Chancellor Bay, also called Ramesse
Khamenteru, who was a highly powerful, wealthy
and influential courtier. It is not known how
Twosret died but she was followed by the usurper Setnakhte who became
the founder of the 20th dynasty.
19th Dynasty
Learning about the ancient Egyptians and 19th
Dynasty inspires everyone to visit historical sites and undertake Egypt Travel and Tours to
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on a Nile Cruise stopping at the famous destinations and
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Great Sphinx. The information and facts about 19th Dynasty will provide you with a great insight into Egypt and the legacy of the ancient Egyptians.
19th
Dynasty |
